Person Page 100

Isabel Bigod was born about 1134 in Castle Framlingham, Suffolk, England. She died.

Isabel Bigod had person sources.¹

Matilda was born on 5 August 1101 in London, Middlesex, England. She and Rotrou de Perche II were married about 1111 in London, Middlesex, England. She and Henry were married on 7 January 1114 in Mainz nr. Ingleheim, Rheinland Pfalz, Germany. She and Geoffrey V Plantagenet, Count of Anjou, were married on 22 May 1127 in Le Mans Cathedral, Sarthe, Anjou, Normandy, France. She died on 10 September 1169, at age 68, in Notre Dame, Rouen, Seine-Inferieure, Normandy, France. She was buried in Abbaye des Bec, Le Bee-Hellouin, Eure, Normandy, France.

Matilda is the Latin form of Maud, and the name of the onl y surviving legitimate child of King Henry I. She was bor n in 1101, generally it is said at Winchester, but recent r esearch indicates thatshe was actually born at the Royal P alace in Sutton Courtenay (Berkshire).

In something of a political coup for her father, Matilda wa s betrothed to the German Emperor, Henry V, when she was on ly eight. They were married on 7th January 1114. She was tw elve and he was thirty-two. Unfortunately there were no chi ldren and on the Emperor's death in 1125, Matilda was recal led to her father's court.

Matilda's only legitimate brother had been killed in the di sastrous Wreck of the White Ship in late 1120 and she was n ow her father's only hope for the continuation of his dynas ty. The barons sworeallegiance to the young Princess and p romised to make her queen after her father's death. She her self needed heirs though and in April 1127, Matilda found h erself obliged to marry Prince Geoffreyof Anjou and Main e (the future Geoffrey V, Count of those Regions). He was t hirteen, she twenty-three. However, despite this unhappy si tuation they had three sons in four years.

Being absent in Anjou at the time of her father's death o n 1st December 1135, possibly due to pregnancy, Matilda wa s not in much of a position to take up the throne which ha d been promised her andshe quickly lost out to her fast-mo ving cousin, Stephen. With her husband, she attempted to ta ke Normandy. With encouragement from supporters in Englan d though, it was not long before Matilda invaded her rightf ul English domain and so began a long-standing Civil War fr om the power base of her half-brother, Robert of Gloucester , in the West Country.

After three years of armed struggle, she at last gained th e upper hand at the Battle of Lincoln, in February 1141, wh ere King Stephen was captured. However, despite being decla red Queen or "Lady ofthe English" at Winchester and winnin g over Stephen's brother, Henry of Blois, the powerful Bish op of Winchester, Matilda alienated the citizens of Londo n with her arrogant manner. She failed to secure her corona tion and the Londoners joined a renewed push from Stephen' s Queen and laid siege to the Empress in Winchester. She ma naged to escape to the West, but while commanding her rearg uard, her brother was captured by the enemy.

Matilda was obliged to swap Stephen for Robert on 1st Novem ber 1141. Thus the King soon reimposed his Royal authority . In 1148, after the death of her half-brother, Matilda fin ally returned to Normandy, leaving her son, who, in 1154, w ould become Henry II, to fight on in England. She died at R ouen on 10th September 1169 and was buried in Fontevrault A bbey, though some of her entrails may possibly have been la ter interred in her father's foundation at Reading Abbey. Matilda had person sources.¹

John de Segrave was born in 1256 in Segrave, Leicestershire, England. He died in 1325, at age ~69, in Gascony, France. He was buried in Chacombe, Northamptonshire, England.

He was summoned to parliament from 26 August, 1296, to 6 Ma y, 1325. This nobleman, in the lifetime of his father havin g been taken prisoner in the wars of Scotland (9th Edward I ) [1281], obtainedfrom the king, in consideration of his s ervices there, the grant of £100 towards the liquidation o f his ransom. He was subsequently much engaged in the Scott ish wars, and in the 24th of the same reign, was constabl e of the English army in that country. The next year he wa s by indenture retained to serve Roger le Bigod, Earl of No rfolk, with six knights, himself accounted, as well in tim e ofpeace as in war, for the term of his whole life, in En gland, Wales and Scotland; viz, in the time of peace with s ix horses, so long as the earl should think fit, taking Bou che of Court for himselfand his knights, and for his esqui res, hay and oats; as also livery for six more horses and w ages for six groom and their horses; likewise for himself t wo robes yearly, as well in time of peace aswar, as fo r a banneret; and for his five knights, as for his other ba chelors, viz., two yearly. Moreover, in time of war, he wa s bound to bring with him his five knights with twenty hors es, and in consideration thereof, to receive for himself an d his company, with all those horses, 40s. per day, but i f he should bring no more than six horses, then 32s.; it be ing likewise agreed that the horses should be valued to th e end that a fair allowance might be made for any which sho uld be lost in the service. For the performance of this cov enant, he had a grant of the manor of Lodene, co. Norfolk.

In the 26th Edward I [1298], his lordship was again in Scot land and had a principal command at the battle of Falkirk . In three years after, he obtained license to make a castl e at his manor house of Bretteby, co. Derby, and he was nex t constituted governor of Berwick-upon-Tweed, as also warde n of Scotland. Subsequently, we find him with King Edward a t the celbrated siege of Caerlaverock. After the accessio n of Edward II [1307], he was again made warden of Scotlan d and within a short time attending the king into that usua l theatre of war, was amongst the worsted in the great defe at sustained by the English arms at Bannockburn, and was ma de prisoner by the Scots, who detained him for a year unti l he was exchanged for Thomas de Moram and other prisoner s of that realm who were incarcerated in London. His lordsh ip eventually lost his life in Gascony whither he was sen t by the king, who had conceived some displeasure against h im for the escape of Roger Mortimer out of the Tower of Lon don, under pretence of defending those parts with Edmund, E arl of Kent, and others, where, being a great mortality. [S ir Bernard Burke, Dormant, Abeyant, Forfeited, and Extinc t Peerages,Burke's Peerage, Ltd., London, 1883, p. 485, Se grave, Barons Segrave of Barton Segrave]. John de Segrave had person sources.¹

Geoffrey Plantagenet VI was born in 1134. He died in 1158, at age ~24.

Geoffrey Plantagenet VI had person sources.¹

WilliamGuillaume Plantagenet was born in 1136. He died in 1164, at age ~28.

WilliamGuillaume Plantagenet had person sources.¹

Sancho Alfonso III was born in 1135 in Toledo, Castilla-La Mancha, Spain. He and Blanche de Navarre were married 4 FEB 1150/1151 in Calahorra, Soria, Castile/Navarre, Spain. He died on 31 August 1158, at age ~23, in Toledo, Castilla-La Mancha, Spain.

Sancho Alfonso III had person sources.¹

Humphrey de Bohun II was born about 1070 in Tatterford, Norfolk, England.¹ He and Maud de Evereux were married in Evreux, Eure, Normandy, France. He died in 1129, at age ~59, in Trowbridge, Melksham, Wiltshire, England.¹

Humphrey de Bohun II had person sources.²

Maud de Evereux was born in 1089 in Evreux, Eure, Normandy, France.¹ She and Humphrey de Bohun II were married in Evreux, Eure, Normandy, France. She died in 1142, at age ~53.

Maud de Evereux had person sources.²

Manasser de Dammartin was born about 1115 in Mendlesham, Hartismere, Suffolk, England. He died before 1179 in Norton Mandeville, Ongar, Essex, England.¹

Manasser de Dammartin had person sources.²

Edward de Salisbury was born in 1060 in Salisbury, Wiltshire, England.¹ He and Maud FitzHubert were married about 1090 in Salisbury, Wiltshire, England. He died before 1130. He was buried in Bradenstroke, Wiltshire, England.

EDWARD OF SALISBURY, styled also Edward the Sheriff, whose parentage is unknown (b), was born ante 1060, it is said in England. He was sheriff of Wiltshire so early as February 1080/1. In 1086 he heldin chief 33 manors in Wilts, as well as smaller estates in Surrey, Hants, Dorset, Somerset, Middlesex, Bucks, Oxfordshire and Herts, being styled in D.B. "Edwardus Sarisburiensis." He survived the Conqueror. He m. Unknown of whom nothing is known (e). [Complete Peerage XI:373-4, (transcribed by Dave Utzinger)]

[b] According to the Book of Lacock, he was the son of Walter le Ewrus, Earl of Rosmar, a fictitious person, and brother of Gerold, Earl of Rosmar, born in Normandy before the Conquest (Dugdale, Mon.,Vol. vi, p. 501). The nickname "le Ewrus" [=I'heureux, or the fortunate) was converted into "de Evreux" by later writers, with the result that the family has been given the name of Devereux and has been tacked on to the Norman Counts of Evreux (see the tabular pedigree given by Planché, Journal of the Brit. Arch. Ass., Vol. i, p. 39; cf. Appendix G to this volume). For the exposure of this mistake see Herald and Genealogist, Vol. iv, p. 149. "Rosmar" is an error for Roumare (Normandy), which was not a comté (cf. ante, Vol. vii, sub Lincoln); but the statement that Edward was brother of Geroldde Roumare, though apparently accepted by Nichols, Arch. Inst., Salisbury Vol., 1849, p. 213, and in the 1st edition of this work, is baseless.

(e) By her he had issue, besides his son and heir, a daughter Maud, who m. Humphrey de Bohun II, at the instance (it is said) of William II.

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Leo van de Pas, citing ES, has Leonia of Salisbury as daughter of a person named "Edward of Salisbury" by Adelize de Rames, by which Leonia inherited Rames. I assume that this is the same Edward of Salisbury, although Leonia would be a very late daughter. Cheryl Varner, World Connect db=:2753682, made the same assumption. Many of the early Norman Conquerors seemed to have children at very latetimes in their lives (Hugh "Lupus" d'Avranches, 1st Earl of Chester is another who seemed to have numerous late children). Either this was a lack of good records at this early period, or the middle aged conquerors set about establishing new English families late in life, and enjoyed their tremendous new-found wealth. Edward de Salisbury had person sources.²

Maud FitzHubert was born in 1074 in Crick, Monmouthshire, Wales. She and Edward de Salisbury were married about 1090 in Salisbury, Wiltshire, England. She died.

Maud FitzHubert had person sources.¹

William d' Evreux was born about 1010 in Rosmar (Roumare), Seine-Inferieure, Normandy, France. He died.

William d' Evreux had person sources.¹

Sybile de Neufmarche was born in Aberconwy, Arllechwedd Isaf, Caernarvonshire, Wales. She and Miles FitzWalter de Pitres were married in April 1121 in Gloucester, Gloucestershire, England.^1,2 She died after 1143 in Gloucestershire, England.² She was buried in Priory Llanthony-by-Gloucester, Gloucestershire, England.

Sybile de Neufmarche had person sources.³

Walter FitzRoger de Pitres was born in 1065 in Gloucestershire, England. He and Bertha were married in 1087 in Gloucestershire, England. He and Emma de Ballon were married in 1091. He died in 1129, at age ~64, in Priory Llanthony-by-Gloucester, Gloucestershire, England.

Walter FitzRoger de Pitres had person sources.¹

Bernard de Neufmarche was born about 1090 in Neufmarche, Seine-Maritime, Normandy, France. He died.

Bernard de Neufmarche had person sources.¹

Maurette de Salins was born about 1114 in Salins, Seine-et-Marne, Ile-de-France, France. She died.

Maurette de Salins had person sources.¹

Maud de Lucy was born in 1239 in Copeland, Cumbria, England. She and Nicholas de Segrave were married in 1255. She died in 1337, at age ~98.

Maud de Lucy had person sources.¹

Henry II ("Curt Mantel") Plantagenet, King of England, was born on 5 March 1132 in Le Mans, Anjou, Normandy, France.^1,2 He and Ida (Isabel) de Tosny were married. He and Eleanor Aquitaine were married on 18 May 1152 in Cathedral Bordeaux, Bordeaux, Gironde, France.^1,3 He died on 6 July 1189, at age 57, in Chateau du Chinon, Indre-Et-Loire, France.^1,2 He was buried in Abbaye des Fontevrault, Maine-et-Loire, Anjou/Pays-de-la-Loire, France.

Duke of Normandy

Count of Anjou

Duke of Aquitaine

Lord of Ireland

Henry II, first of the Angevin kings, was one of the most e ffective of all England's monarchs. He came to the throne a mid the anarchy of Stephen's reign and promptly collared hi s errant barons. Herefined Norman government and create d a capable, self-standing bureaucracy. His energy was equ aled only by his ambition and intelligence. Henry survive d wars, rebellion, and controversy to successfully rule on e of the Middle Ages' most powerful kingdoms.

Henry was raised in the French province of Anjou and firs t visited England in 1142 to defend his mother's claim to t he disputed throne of Stephen. His continental possession s were already vast before his coronation: He acquired Norm andy and Anjou upon the death of his father in September 11 51, and his French holdings more than doubled with his marr iage to Eleanor of Aquitane (ex-wife of KingLouis VII of F rance). In accordance with the Treaty of Wallingford, a suc cession agreement signed by Stephen and Matilda in 1153, He nry was crowned in October 1154. The continental empire rul ed by Henry and his sons included the French counties of Br ittany, Maine, Poitou, Touraine, Gascony, Anjou, Aquitane , and Normandy. Henry was technically a feudal vassal of th e king of France but, in reality, owned more territory an d was more powerful than his French lord. Although King Joh n (Henry's son) lost most of the English holdings in France , English kings laid claim to the French throneuntil the f ifteenth century. Henry also extended his territory in th e British Isles in two significant ways.

First, he retrieved Cumbria and Northumbria form Malcom I V of Scotland and settled the Anglo-Scot border in the Nort h. Secondly, although his success with Welsh campaigns wa s limited, Henry invadedIreland and secured an English pre sence on the island.

The process of strengthening the royal courts, however, yie lded an unexpected controversy. The church courts institut ed by William the Conqueror became a safe haven for crimina ls of varying degreeand ability, for one in fifty of the E nglish population qualified as clerics. Henry wished to tr ansfer sentencing in such cases to the royal courts, as chu rch courts merely demoted clerics to laymen. Thomas Beckett , Henry's close friend and chancellor since 1155, was name d Archbishop of Canterbury in June 1162 but distanced himse lf from Henry and vehemently opposed the weakening of churc hcourts. Beckett fled England in 1164, but through the int ervention of Pope Adrian IV (the lone English pope), return ed in 1170.He greatly angered Henry by opposing to the coro nation of Prince Henry. Exasperated, Henry hastily and publ icly conveyed his desire to be rid of the contentious Archb ishop - four ambitious knights took the king at his word an d murdered Beckett in his own cathedral on December 29, 117 0. Henry endured a rather limited storm of protest over th e incident and the controversy passed.

Henry's plans of dividing his myriad lands and titles evoke d treachery from his sons. At the encouragement - and somet imes because of the treatment - of their mother, they rebel led against their father several times, often with Louis VI I of France as their accomplice. The deaths of Henry the Yo ung King in 1183 and Geoffrey in 1186 gave no respite fro m his children's rebellious nature; Richard, with the assis tance of Philip II Augustus of France, attacked and defeate d Henry on July 4, 1189 and forced him to accept a humiliat ing peace. Henry II died two days later, on July 6, 1189. Henry II ("Curt Mantel") Plantagenet, King of England, had person sources.⁴

Renaud de Courtenay was born in 1125 in Courtenay, Loiret, Gatinais/Centre, France.¹ He died before December 1190 in Sutton Courtenay, Abingdon, Berkshire, England.^1,2 He was buried in Abbey Ford, Devonshire, England.

Renaud witnessed, in 1150, at Rouen, Normandy of charter o f Henry, Duke of Normandy (later Henry II of England); in 1 160 received grant of the Manor of Sutton, Berkshire from t he king; from that date in constant attendance on the king , perhaps a royal secretary; in 1171 accompanied the king i n his campaign in Ireland; appears holding land in Devonshi re for the first time 1175-1176; in the king's train in hi s travels in England and France. [Ancestral Roots]. Renaud de Courtenay had person sources.³

Renaud de ("Reinald") Courtenay was born between 1100 and 1119 in Courtenay, Loiret, Gatinais/Centre, France. He died in 1194 in France. He was buried in Abbey Ford, Devonshire, England.

Renaud de ("Reinald") Courtenay had person sources.¹

Josceline Hawise le Donjon was born in 1113 in Chateau du Donjon, Corbeil, Essone, France. She died.

Josceline Hawise le Donjon had person sources.¹

Elizabeth de Courtenay was born in 1127 in Courtenay, Loiret, Gatinais/Centre, France. She and Peter I de Courtenay were married in 1150 in Angouleme, Charente, Poitou-Charentes, France.¹ She died in 1205, at age ~78, in Sutton, Berkshire, England.

Elizabeth de Courtenay had person sources.²

Hugh Courtenay died.

Hugh Courtenay had person sources.¹

William de Ferrers was born in 1140 in Tutbury, Burton-on-Trent, Staffordshire, England. He and Sybil de Braose were married in 1162. He died after 31 December 1189 in Siege of Acre, Jersualem, Palestine. He was buried in Jerusalem, Judah, Israel.

William de Ferrers had person sources.¹

Bertha de Braose was born between 1151 and 1170 in Bramber, Sussex, England. She died.

Bertha de Braose had person sources.¹